What Does 20/20 Vision Actually Mean?

We often hear the phrase "20/20 vision" thrown around in discussions about eyesight, but what exactly does it mean? Contrary to popular belief, it's more than just a generic term for perfect vision. Let's delve into the specifics of this optical measure and “SEE” what it signifies.
 

What does 20/20 vision mean?

In optometry, 20/20 vision refers to the standard of visual acuity (the clarity or sharpness of vision) measured during an eye examination. The term 20/20 originated from the Snellen chart (the chart you typically see with the large E on the top line) created by Dutch ophthalmologist Hermann Snellen in the 1860s. 

The numbers 20/20 denote the clarity or sharpness of vision at a distance of 20 feet. 

The first "20" is the measured distance of 20 feet for the test, while the second "20" is what a person with normal vision can see at that distance. In other words, a person with 20/20 vision can see clearly at 20 feet the objects generally seen at that distance.
 

Understanding the fraction

  • 20/40 vision: If someone has 20/40 vision, it means they can see at 20 feet what a person with normal vision can see at 40 feet.

  • 20/15 vision: On the other hand, someone with 20/15 vision can see objects at 20 feet, while a person with normal vision can only see the same objects at 15 feet.
     

Is 20/20 vision perfect?

While 20/20 vision is considered standard or average visual acuity, it doesn't imply flawless eyesight. Other aspects of vision, like peripheral vision, depth perception, and color vision, also contribute to overall visual health.

Certain conditions can affect vision quality even if it measures 20/20 on a Snellen chart. Factors like astigmatism, presbyopia, or eye diseases can impact how clearly and comfortably someone sees despite having 20/20 vision on a basic eye chart.
 

Maintaining and Improving Vision

Regardless of your current vision, taking care of your eyes is crucial. Regular eye check-ups, a balanced diet rich in eye-friendly nutrients, protection from harmful UV rays, and reduced screen time can all contribute to maintaining good eye health. Annual comprehensive eye exams are essential, even if your vision is “perfect.” Eye examinations assess visual acuity, check for potential eye diseases, detect early signs of vision problems, and ensure your eyes are healthy.

In essence, vision health encompasses a broader spectrum that extends beyond the confines of a Snellen chart.